Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

When Required

EIA is required for "Schedule 1" developments (always EIA), and may be required for "Schedule 2" developments that are likely to have significant environmental effects. Schedule 2 thresholds are based on development type, size and location. A screening opinion can be requested from the LPA to determine whether EIA is required.

The Process

If EIA is required, the applicant prepares an Environmental Statement (ES) assessing the likely significant effects of the development on the environment. The LPA can issue a scoping opinion to confirm what the ES must cover.

Content of an Environmental Statement

The ES typically covers: a description of the development, alternatives considered, the baseline environment, assessment of likely significant effects (construction and operation), proposed mitigation measures, monitoring proposals, and a non-technical summary. Topics typically include landscape and visual impact, ecology, transport, noise, air quality, water environment, ground conditions, socioeconomics, and climate change.

Key Points

EIA is a process, not a document — the ES is the document. The ES must be prepared by competent experts. Failure to identify the need for EIA can invalidate a planning permission. The Regulations set statutory timeframes for screening and scoping opinions.

Practical Tips

Request a screening opinion early — before investing in survey work. If EIA is required, request a scoping opinion to agree the scope of the ES with the LPA and key consultees. This avoids abortive work and ensures the ES addresses the right issues.

Related Topics: Ecology, Flood Risk, Heritage, Air Quality, Noise